How to run external commands in vim from windows OS?

Question

I learn vim in the Debian distro. In debian I can run commands like 'ls', 'cd', 'curl' etc directly from vim via power of '!' this sign. But now I am in windows because of the driver issue. But I don't able to use '!' this sign to run external commands direct form the vim. How to run external command within vim in windows os?

run_the_race · Answer

If you try to run a more complex command and it fails, with Vim you need to escape the character's it uses for running commands, i.e. !, &, and #. Use shellescape with {special} set to 1 to escape those chars with a backslash e.g.
let message = "Hello there!"
exe "!echo ".shellescape(message, 1)

See :help shellescape

Maxim Kim · Answer

To run external commands from within vim on windows you should use the same vim commands you use for other OSes.
:!dir
:echo system('dir')

Just to double check, cmd.exe that is used by default as a shell doesn't have ls, windows doesn't have curl and ctags unless you install them.

How to run external commands in vim from windows OS?

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