Tabularx: Column smaller than text
TeX - LaTeX Asked on January 22, 2021
So here is the minimal-code:
documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{scrartcl}
usepackage{tabularx}
usepackage{chemfig}
begin{tabularx}{textwidth}{|X|c|c|X|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
Polyethen (PE)
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
Polypropen (PP)
& chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH3})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
Polyvenylchlorid (Pvc)
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Venylböden, Schallplatten
Polyethafluorethen (PTFE)
&
chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F
}&
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Tephlon),
Funktionskleidung (Gortex)
end{tabularx}
end{document}
That’s how it looks like:
As you can see the text isn’t formatted in the table. Do you have an idea how I can fix this?
5 Answers
Here are two more versions of your table. In both, I have corrected the chemical formulae of the polymer molecules using polymerdelim from the chemfig package. With this command, the square brackets are correctly drawn through the outermost bonds, instead of around them. I have also corrected some of the typos in the compound names and in the application examples.
documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{scrartcl}
usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
usepackage{tabularx}
usepackage{chemfig}
usepackage{adjustbox}
usepackage{pdflscape}
usepackage[column=0]{cellspace}
usepackage{makecell}
setlengthcellspacetoplimit{8pt}
setlengthcellspacebottomlimit{8pt}
begin{document}
begin{landscape}
noindent
begin{tabularx}{linewidth}{|0l|0c|0c|>{raggedrightarraybackslash}X|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
& & &
makecell[cl]{Polyethen (PE)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-[@{upright,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
makecell[cl]{Polypropen (PP)}
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH_3})
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
makecell[cl]{Polyvinylchlorid (PVC)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Vinylböden, Schallplatten
makecell[cl]{Polytetrafluorethen (PTFE)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F
}}&
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Teflon),
Funktionskleidung (Goretex)
end{tabularx}
end{landscape}
setlengthcellspacetoplimit{15pt}
setlengthcellspacebottomlimit{15pt}
renewcommand{tabularxcolumn}[1]{m{#1}}
noindent
begin{tabularx}{linewidth}{|0l|0c|0c|>{raggedrightarraybackslashhspace{0pt}}X|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
makecell[cl]{Polyethen (PE)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-[@{upright,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
makecell[cl]{Polypropen (PP)}
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH_3})
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
makecell[cl]{Polyvinyl-chlorid (PVC)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H
}} &
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Vinylböden, Schallplatten
makecell[cl]{Polytetra-fluorethen (PTFE)}
&
adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F
}}&
schemestart
chemfig{
-[@{upleft,0.5},1]C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[@{right,0.5},1]
}
polymerdelim[delimiters ={[]}, height = 45pt, depth = 40pt, indice = n]{upleft}{upright}
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Teflon),
Funktionskleidung (Goretex)
end{tabularx}
end{document}
Correct answer by leandriis on January 22, 2021
TeX can not hyphenate the first word of a paragraph, put
hspace*{0pt}
at the start of the X cells, for example you can add this to every X cell by using
>{hspace*{0pt}}X
in your tabular preamble
but it may need help hyphenating the chemical terms with - depending on which natural language patterns you are using, You may need
usepackage[german]{babel} %German?
As those words will not hyphenate well with the default English patterns.
You may also consider using a smaller font so it fits better
Answered by David Carlisle on January 22, 2021
How about this other layout?
documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{scrartcl}
usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
usepackage{tabularx}
usepackage{chemfig}
begin{document}
setlength{tabcolsep}{4pt}
setlength{extrarowheight}{2pt}
renewcommand{tabularxcolumn}[1]{m{#1}}
begin{tabularx}{textwidth}{|l|c|c|X|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
multicolumn{4}{|l|}{Polyethen (PE)} [1ex]
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
multicolumn{4}{|l|}{ Polypropen (PP)} [1ex]
& chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH3})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
multicolumn{4}{|l|}{Polyvenylchlorid (Pvc)} [1ex]
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Venylböden, Schallplatten
multicolumn{4}{|l|}{ Polyethafluorethen (PTFE)}[1ex]
&
chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F
}&
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Tephlon),
Funktionskleidung (Gortex)
end{tabularx}
end{document}
Answered by Bernard on January 22, 2021
In addition to prefixing the X column type with a hspace{0pt} directive to enable hyphenation -- see also David's answer -- you may want to create a list of acceptable hyphenation patterns, as the babel/ngerman combination tends not be informed all that well about how words such as "Polyvenylchlorid" and "Polyethafluorethen" might be hyphenated acceptably.
documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{scrartcl}
usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % to list words with Umlauts in arg. of 'hyphenation'
usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
usepackage{tabularx,ragged2e}
newcolumntype{L}{>{hspace{0pt}RaggedRight}X}
renewcommandtabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
usepackage{chemfig}
% Create a list of hyphenation exceptions:
hyphenation{plastik-tüten poly-venyl-chlorid poly-etha-fluor-ethen
flaschen-deckel einsatz-beispiel venyl-boden venyl-böden schall-platten}
begin{document}
begin{tabularx}{textwidth}{|L|c|c|L|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
Polyethen (PE)
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
Polypropen (PP)
& chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH3})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
Polyvenylchlorid (Pvc)
&
chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H
} &
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Venylböden, Schallplatten
Polyethafluorethen (PTFE)
&
chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F
}&
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Tephlon),
Funktionskleidung (Gortex)
end{tabularx}
end{document}
Answered by Mico on January 22, 2021
A small variation of @Mico answer. Used are:
- cellspace for adding a small vertial space around cells contents
djustboxfor vertical centering ofchemfigformula
documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{scrartcl}
usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % to list words with Umlauts in arg. of 'hyphenation'
usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
usepackage{ragged2e}
usepackage{cellspace, tabularx}
setlengthcellspacetoplimit{4pt}
setlengthcellspacebottomlimit{4pt}
newcolumntype{L}{>{hspace{0pt}RaggedRight}X}
usepackage{chemfig}
usepackage{adjustbox}
% Create a list of hyphenation exceptions:
hyphenation{plastik-tüten poly-venyl-chlorid poly-etha-fluor-ethen
flaschen-deckel einsatz-beispiel venyl-boden venyl-böden schall-platten}
begin{document}
{
renewcommandtabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
begin{tabularx}{textwidth}{|L|c|Sc|L|}
Name & Monomer & Polymermolekül & Einsatzbeispiel
hline
Polyethen (PE)
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
(-[3]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
-[7]H} }
& schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Plastiktüten
Polypropen (PP)
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-C
( -[2]H)
( -[6]H)
-C
( -[2]H)
=C
( -[1]H)
( -[7]H)} }
& schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[2]{CH3})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Flaschendeckel, Brotdosen
Polyvenylchlorid (Pvc)
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
H
-[1]C
( -[3]H)
=C
( -[1]Cl)
-[7]H} }
&
schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-[0]C
( -[2]H)
( -[-2]H)
-C
( -[6]H)
( -[2]{Cl})
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Rohrleitungen, Venylböden, Schallplatten
Polyethafluorethen (PTFE)
& adjustbox{valign=c}{chemfig{
F
-[1]C
( -[3]F)
=C
( -[1]F)
-[7]F} }
& schemestart
chemleft[
chemfig{
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-C
( -[2]F)
( -[6]F)
-[0]
}
chemright]$_n$
schemestop
& Pfannenbeschichtung (Tephlon), Funktionskleidung (Gortex)
end{tabularx}
}
end{document}
Answered by Zarko on January 22, 2021
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