Table isn't centering

Question

I have this code to render a table:
chapter{Resultados}

begin{table*}[h]
centering
caption{Resultados Para o Conjunto de 
Dados Image}
begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} 
      hline
      Índice & Algoritmo Generativo & multicolumn{5}{|c|}{Função Consenso} \ hline
      - & K-Means & Agglomerative & CSPA & IVC & LWEA & LGWP \ hline
      ARI & makecell{ari-km-5 \ ari-km-10 \ ari-km-15 \ ari-km-20 \ ari-km-30} & makecell{ari-agm-km-5 \ ari-agm-km-10 \ ari-agm-km-15 \ ari-agm-km-20 \ ari-agm-km-30} & makecell{ari-csp-km-5 \ ari-csp-km-10 \ ari-csp-km-15 \ ari-csp-km-20 \ ari-csp-km-30} & makecell{ari-ivc-km-5 \ ari-ivc-km-10 \ ari-ivc-km-15 \ ari-ivc-km-20 \ ari-ivc-km-30} & makecell{ ari-lwe-km-5 \ ari-lwe-km-10 \ ari-lwe-km-15 \ ari-lwe-km-20 \ ari-lwe-km-30} & makecell{ari-lwg-km-5 \ ari-lwg-km-10 \ ari-lwg-km-15 \ ari-lwg-km-20 \ ari-lwg-km-30} \ hline
end{tabular}
end{table*}

However, the table not only isn't being centered, it is rendering too much to the right and the content is being cut off:

How do I fix this? I'm also getting a warning Overfull hbox (114pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 7-13

Zarko · Answer

You not provide the key information: the length of the textwidth. Not knowing it, we can only guess about it. For example, if page borders width are 25mm, than by using makecell also in header of the second column then we can put your table on the page as you would like it to be:
documentclass{book}
usepackage[margin=25mm]{geometry}
usepackage{makecell, tabularx}
newcolumntype{C}{>{centeringarraybackslash}X}
%---------------- show page layout. don't use in a real document!
usepackage{showframe}
renewcommandShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
renewcommand*ShowFrameColor{color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%

begin{document}
chapter{Resultados}

begin{table}[ht]
centering
caption{Resultados Para o Conjunto de Dados Image}
%small
setlengthtabcolsep{3pt}
begin{tabularx}{linewidth}{|c|c|*{5}{C|}}
      hline
Índice & makecell{Algoritmo\ Generativo} 
            & multicolumn{5}{c|}{Função Consenso} \ hline
   --  & K-Means & Agglomerative & CSPA & IVC & LWEA & LGWP \ hline
  ARI & makecell{ari-km-5 \ ari-km-10 \ ari-km-15 \ ari-km-20 \ ari-km-30} 
    & makecell{ari-agm-km-5 \ ari-agm-km-10 \ ari-agm-km-15 \ ari-agm-km-20 \ ari-agm-km-30} 
        & makecell{ari-csp-km-5 \ ari-csp-km-10 \ ari-csp-km-15 \ ari-csp-km-20 \ ari-csp-km-30} 
            & makecell{ari-ivc-km-5 \ ari-ivc-km-10 \ ari-ivc-km-15 \ ari-ivc-km-20 \ ari-ivc-km-30} 
                & makecell{ ari-lwe-km-5 \ ari-lwe-km-10 \ ari-lwe-km-15 \ ari-lwe-km-20 \ ari-lwe-km-30} 
                    & makecell{ari-lwg-km-5 \ ari-lwg-km-10 \ ari-lwg-km-15 \ ari-lwg-km-20 \ ari-lwg-km-30} \ 
    hline
end{tabularx}
end{table}
end{document}

(red lines indicate text borders)

Don Hosek · Answer

The problem, not too surprisingly, is that the table is too wide (which is why you got the Overfull hbox warning).
The options are to find a way to make the table narrower (which it doesn't look like there's much hope for besides perhaps making the text smaller) or typeset the table vertically instead of horizontally using sidewaystable

Table isn't centering

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