Horizontal Barcharts with text on both ends and a tick mark on the chart

documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
usepackage{siunitx}
usetikzlibrary{positioning,calc}
begin{document}
    begin{tikzpicture}
    draw[line width=12pt, blue] 
    (0,0)node[label=left:Introversion](a){} --   (8,0)node[label=right:Extroversion](b){};
    
draw[line width=6pt,yellow!95!green!90!red!40]  ($(a)!0.80!(b)$)node[](c){}--++(0,1cm);

    end{tikzpicture}
end{document}

edit for black border on the extruded yellow portion

documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
usepackage{siunitx}
usetikzlibrary{positioning,calc}
begin{document}
    begin{tikzpicture}
    draw[line width=12pt, blue] 
    (0,0)node[label=left:Introversion](a){} --   
    (8,0)node[label=right:Extroversion](b){};
    
filldraw[draw=black, fill=yellow,line width=2pt, yshift=2em, xshift=14em]  
         (0pt,-5pt)+($(a)!.80!(b)$) rectangle (1,1);

    end{tikzpicture}
end{document}