Example with p specifier in figure

Float placement parameters are, and are checked in the following order.

1. If ! is specified ignore most restrictions and continue.

2. If h is specified try to place the float where it is. If nothing else is specified change h to t (try the top of the next page).

3. If t is specified try to put it at the top of the current page.

4. If b is specified try to put it at the bottom of the current page.

5. If p is specified try and put it on a float page after the current page.

6. If necessary steps 3 and 4 are repeated at the start of each new page, followed by 5 at its end.

So, begin{figure}[hp] will try and put the figure here and if that does not work then on the next page by itself.