pwsh -Command is removing quotation marks

Another way is to use "encoded commands".

> $cmd1 = "Write-Host '{ ""description"": ""Test program"" }'"
> pwsh -encoded ([Convert]::ToBase64String([Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($cmd1)))
{ "description": "Test program" }

Another way. Are you in Windows or Unix?

pwsh -c "[pscustomobject]@{drop_attr='name'} | convertto-json -compress"

{"drop_attr":"name"}

Unfortunately, PowerShell's handling of passing arguments with embedded " chars. to external programs - which includes PowerShell's own CLI (pwsh) - is fundamentally broken (and always has been), up to at least PowerShell 7.1:

You need to manually -escape " instances embedded in your arguments in order for them to be correctly passed through to external programs:

pwsh -Command ' ''{"drop_attr": "name"}'' '

Note that I'm assuming your intent is to pass a JSON string, hence the inner '' ... '' quoting (escaped single quotes), which ensures that pwsh ultimately sees a single-quoted string ('...'). (No need for an explicit output command; PowerShell implicitly prints command and expression output).

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Note that from inside PowerShell, you can avoid the need for -escaping, if you call pwsh with a script block ({ ... }) - but that only works when calling PowerShell itself, not other external programs:

# NOTE: Works from PowerShell only.
pwsh -Command { '{"drop_attr": "name"}' }

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Background info on PowerShell's broken handling of arguments with embedded " in external-program calls, as of PowerShell 7.1:

• This GitHub docs issue contains background information.

• GitHub issue #1995 discusses the problem and the details of the broken behavior as well as manual workarounds are summarized in this comment; the state of the discussion as of PowerShell [Core] 7 seems to be:

  • A fix is being considered as an experimental feature, for v7.2 at the earliest. Whether it will become a regular feature - i.e whether the default behavior will be fixed or whether the fix will require opt-in or even if the feature will become official at all - remains to be seen.

    • Fixing the default behavior would substantially break backward compatibility; as of this writing, this has never been allowed, but a discussion as to whether to allow breaking changes in the future and how to manage them has begun: see GitHub issue #13129.

  • See GitHub PR #14692 for the relevant experimental feature, which, however, as of this writing is missing vital accommodations for batch files and msiexec-style executables on Windows - see GitHub issue #15143.

• In the meantime, you can use the PSv3+ ie helper function from the Native module (in PSv5+, install with Install-Module Native from the PowerShell Gallery), which internally compensates for all broken behavior and allows passing arguments as expected; e.g.,
  ie pwsh -Command ' ''{"drop_attr": "name"}'' ' would then work properly.