Why did the Science Officer not get chosen for the mission to the alien spacecraft?

Question

After the Nostromo detects a signal from a potentially 
intelligent alien, the crew are arguing what to do 
about it.  Most of the crew want to ignore it and return home, but Ash (Science Officer)
reminds them that they signed a contract in which they agreed to 
investigate such signals or forfeit their entire 'share' of the operation.

Just after landing on LV-426, the ship is damaged and the mechanics are 
busy repairing it.  Ripley is flitting about (I forget where).  Dallas & Ash are discussing the signals and visiting their source.
Kane joins them, while Lambert the Navigator sits at one of the more distant consoles
in the cabin sucking down a cigarette in a desultory manner, listening.

Kane:  I'll volunteer to be in the first group to go out.
  Captain Dallas: Yeah that figures.  ..You too Lambert.
  Lambert: (nods resignedly, says sarcastically)  ..swell

It turned out that Dallas was the other member of a 3 person group to
'suit up' for the trip. First it surprised me that Captain Dallas would allow the 2 most senior officers
(himself and Kane, the Executive Officer)
on-board to leave the shuttle, but we'll let that pass for the moment.

What absolutely astonished me was that Ash was not a member of the team.
Who better than the Science Officer to assess and analyze what they found?

During the sojourn on the planet, Ash sits in a very important looking 
section of the shuttle surrounded by consoles and communications devices
(which quickly fail once the team enter the alien spacecraft).
It is Ripley that seems the major user of the communications instruments
in the first instance (she hails for local 'space services' before they 
realize the Nostromo is nowhere near Earth).  The rest of what Ash is doing during the surface mission does not seem an especially technical role, not compared to the value a Science Officer could bring on the surface.

Ash himself might have had reasons for not wanting to go on the mission.

Fear of becoming the host?  No.  He was many things, but not fearful.
Knowledge that he is not, or might not be, a suitable host.  Maybe.  But then, it is unclear how much they knew about the aliens.
There being no-one else he could rely on to override the air-lock 
security and get the alien back into the ship.

That last one is one very good reason for him to not want to go on
the mission, but ultimately he was not invited to go and never consulted as 
to who should go.

Why did Captain Dallas not choose the Science Officer to go on a 
mission that would likely involve encountering an alien species?
Why did no-one else (particularly Lambert - who was chosen, and obviously reluctant) question that decision?

Stefan · Accepted Answer

It is unlikely that Ash would be able to do any serious scientific research out of the ship.  The suits were large and bulky, it would put their most valuable asset (the science officer) in the most vulnerable position (the unknown) for no real benefit.

Dallas had no comprehension what was waiting for them, however he would want someone he knew could back him up (Kane, who volunteered anyway, probably knowing that Dallas would need him) and then an extra peson in case of real trouble or an accident.

Who should he choose?

Ripley was needed to keep the engineers in check (notice how she checks on them and take no shite from them) as Ash could not do it as nothing would make Parker sit on his hands faster than Ash telling him to work and Lambert had no backbone.

Ash was the only real scientist they had so could not be risked outside the ship and Dallas probably did not know him well enough to risk his safety with him.

Parker and Brett were working.

That leaves Lambert.

John O · Answer

Look at it from the captain's perspective: you're going out on a fairly dangerous mission, do you want some stranger the company foisted on you, or your friends and coworkers who you've grown to trust?

He was doing the human thing. He was probably doing the smart thing, considering what he knew at the time. His (and others') life might be in danger and friendship, reaction time, and an unwillingness to abandon were probably all as valuable if not more so than scientific knowledge. In any other plausible disaster, their actions and instincts would have saved lives instead of merely endangering those still uncontaminated.

Had the alien encounter been more mundane, a followup mission (expedition? what's the right word here?) would have been a no-brainer, and Ash would almost certainly have been asked to go do a thorough survey before leaving.

Raven13 · Answer

It's conceivable that Dallas, being captain, had exclusive knowledge of Ash being an android and kept him in the ship based on that knowledge (Ash was too valuable to risk in an EVA, perhaps?). Though you'd think the other crew would question his decision.

Answered by Raven13 on February 12, 2021

Marty Mart · Answer

Ripley had some kind of seniority - when Dallas was gone she was in charge. That's probably why Ripley wasn't chosen to go: There needed to be a senior officer in charge on board the ship. Parker, Brent, Lambert and Ash hardly qualified for that role.

So, winner goes to the trust issue. Still, it doesn't win by much. Ash should have replaced Lambert. What did they need Ash for that he wasn't expendable? Medical stuff was automated. The journey home promised to be in hyper sleep.

Again, the trust hypothesis is plausible, but speaks more to moving a necessary plot points than what might have occured in reality..

Mikey Mouse · Answer

In addition to the other answers. Ash was an A2. And they were known to be unreliable. 
Remember the dialog between Gorman Burke and Bishop in Aliens

Gorman Burke: A synthetic malfunctioned on her
                      last trip out.  Some deaths were
                      involved.
  
  Bishop: I'm shocked.  Was it an older model?
  
  Gorman Burke: Cyberdyne Systems 120-A/2.
  
  Bishop: Well, that explains it.  The
                      A/2's were always a bit twitchy.

Bishop is an android and not exaggerating. For him to say something "always" was causing problems, he meant right from the beginning. It'd take some serious "twitches" for Bishop to go from "Shocked!" to "Ah, that explains it"

It's safe to assume Dallas knew Ash wasn't 100% reliable and on a mission like this he wanted crew members he could rely on.

Rigel · Answer

Ash was probably assumed better at collating information from inside the ship, dealing with consoles and readouts, rather than just a quick (as far as they expected) investigation of a distress signal. They didn't even know it wasn't necessarily a human beacon when they landed on the planet IIRC. So the investigation team were just there to do a quick, albeit mandatory, survey of the area, check out the signal and look for any possible survivors or wreckage. They had no idea they were going to encounter an alien craft, much less a hive of xeno eggs.
So Ash staying behind to monitor the planetary atmosphere, and possibly even help with any issues for the slightly-damaged Nostromo would make more sense. It wasn't a science exploration mission, just a routine check on a signal beacon that none of them were particularly enthusiastic about doing (apart from Kane). It sounds like they just wanted it done and done ASAP so they could get back on the road home.

Why did the Science Officer not get chosen for the mission to the alien spacecraft?

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