Are there signs that the Matrix holds any technological resemblance to out-of-universe computers?

Question

I've read on several occasions here a tendency to assume that the Matrix as a technology is operated much like out-of-universe (i.e. "our world") computers: Assuming the Matrix runs in a similar fashion to our current level of technology (i.e. servers, ports, firewalls etc.) or: the earpiece might be implemented as a socket or a message pipe etc.
For me that's wildly crazy, given you have a fantastic movie that:

about technology after singularity
a few hundreds of years into the future after that

It's not unlikely, it seems implausible that the Matrix would run on technology that has anything to do with tech "today".
I even considered the cons:

hack in Enter the Matrix. Ruled out, seems just the out-of-universe way to put something real-looking you can learn into the game, not really relevant
ship operator control (Tank's, etc.): Ruled out: those are just controls. when Mouse is watching Morpheus fighting Neo, the image drops on his screen, yet there's no lag in the Construct. That means they are two different systems and thus the control's workings is basis for no assumptions on the neuro-interactive dreamworld.

This is what machines' technology looks like:

Reloaded Machine city concept art - George Hull

Little roll I made from Matriculated sequence - writer-director Peter Chung
clarification: these depict machine hardware and simulation hardware "real-world" in-universe, then simulation operation. Notice that the simulation is on a very different hardware and a very different level than what the assumptions try to focus on. Yet they are being used in explanations about simulating. Why?
Is there actually anything in this universe that even slightly suggests that the tech running the Matrix bears any resemblance to tech of our age and world?

Steve-O · Answer

No, there is no concrete evidence that the Machines in the Matrix work anything like modern computers in the real world.
However, if you want to ask questions about anything in the movie that isn't explicitly and completely described in the dialogue presented within the films (which is what all these other questions you reference are doing) AND you want to get some kind of meaningful answer - not just 1,000 random "I think this sounds cool" responses - then we need to start making some assumptions about how things work.  We need to build a common reference point for deducing information that is not specifically described in canon sources.
The easiest and most common means of doing this, in any movie, is to assume that things which vaguely resemble the real world work in ways that are analogous to the real world.  This doesn't mean they're literally identical, just that you can make comparisons between the real and the fictional equivalents.
In order to have a meaningful conversation about how magic fireballs work in Lord of the Rings, we need to make some assumptions about how magic fire works. It's helpful to assume magic fire works basically the same as real fire, apart from its magical creation, so that we can draw conclusions about its limitations and energy output.  Technically, Magic is a force that routinely defies the laws of physics, but if we don't make a few assumptions about magic fire then we can't really get started on such a conversation at all.
Similarly, it is helpful to assume that the Machines and their virtual reality world are analogous to real computers and real-world computer simulated environments (albeit with MUCH more advanced procedural generation and graphics capabilities.)  We're not saying the Machines literally run on a variant linux distro, but assuming that their programming and networking abilities are somehow similar gives us a "common ground" on which to discuss "how the Machines network."  Provided, of course, that nothing in the movies explicitly contradicts these assumptions.

Are there signs that the Matrix holds any technological resemblance to out-of-universe computers?

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