Is it possible to interact with the NOOBS install remotely (VNC, SSH or other)?

It's always best to refer to the official docs:
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/remote-access/vnc/

Basically, in contrast to the answer by @unom this allows you to use the Rasberry Pi both with a screen connected and using VNC at the same time.

The setup uses their RealVNC server there to configure and enable it. Also pay attention to enable the support for other VNC viewers, in the part about “If you're connecting from a non-RealVNC Viewer app, […]”.

Though I've also sent a PR for clarifying some aspects of this setup.

Important workaround

If you get a black screen with the white error text “Cannot currently show the desktop.” when connecting, try changing/decreasing the system resolution go to

• Run sudo raspi-config
• Go to Advanced Options
• -> Resolution
• -> Anything than the default should work
• -> Ok. The save the settings and reboot the pi.

I've opened a bug report for this issue, so maybe that can be solved.

VNC is already supported (in the newer versions of NOOBS like v1.4) but you have to modify the recovery.cmdline file before you use the microSD card in the Pi.

Add 'vncinstall' at the end of the line in that file.

For example making:

runinstaller quiet vt.cur_default=1 elevator=deadline

into

runinstaller quiet vt.cur_default=1 elevator=deadline vncinstall

Now put the card in the Pi and power it up. Get the ip address of the Pi and you can VNC to see the setup screen.

PS. Using this 'mode' makes the display unusable during the setup procedure. If you connect a display via HDMI, for example, you'll get a black screen with, probably, some text in it "ip: SIOCGIFFLAGS: No such device"