Quantum Computing Asked by virattara on September 1, 2021
Is it possible to perform an operation on two qubits with initial states as follows:
$$q_1: 1/sqrt(2)(|0rangle + exp(0.a_1a_2a_3)|1rangle)$$
$$q_2: 1/sqrt(2)(|0rangle + |1rangle)$$
To resultant state:-
$$q_1: 1/sqrt(2)(|0rangle + exp(0.a_1a_2)|1rangle)$$
$$q_2: 1/sqrt(2)(|0rangle + exp(0.a_3)|1rangle)$$
Without knowing the value of $a_3$. Where $a_1,a_2,a_3 ∈ [0, 1].$
The idea is to shift the phase of $q_1$ by $exp(-0.00a_3)$ and $q_2$ by $exp(0.a_3)$ with the unitary operation not being aware of the value of $a_3$.
No, it's not possible to extract digits of the phase like that. It would violate the Holevo bound. In general there's no way to "amplify" single small phase differences into big phase differences, because of linearity.
Correct answer by Craig Gidney on September 1, 2021
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