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Where does ice get the energy to lift sand adhered to its base as it melts?

Physics Asked by concat on September 30, 2021

Consider the following clip of ice melting on sand:

I’m intrigued by the fact that the sand below the ice lifts as the ice melts and the base of each cube lifts from the surface. Where does the energy come from to do this? Since the lifting comes from the deformation of the ice as it melts, my first vague guess is that the stress of the weight of the adhered sand somehow slightly increases the enthalpy of fusion, so the resulting air is slightly cooler than the same volume of ice melting without lifting the surface. In other words, I can only imagine that the energy comes from heat in the air, though admittedly I can’t substantiate any specific mechanism much.

The clip above comes from the first 2 seconds of the music video for JOYRYDE’s “DAMN”, which sourced much of the footage from Macro Room.

2 Answers

When the ice melts, a thin layer of water forms on the surface which holds the sand particles due to surface tension. The change in shape causes the sand particle to rise. Here surface tension does work to keep the sand particles adhered to the water surface.

Answered by Sagnik Sarkar on September 30, 2021

Great question and thanks for the very nice images. It would require extra work to not lift the sand. The reason is that sand grains adhere to the water surface . Water molecules have a dipole moment. The sand grains get polarised and stick to the water surface. This lowers the total energy cost of creating the surface and it would take energy to take the grains off. For small enough sand grains this overcomes the cost in gravitational energy. Of course the source of the melting energy is the environmental heat bath.

Answered by my2cts on September 30, 2021

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