TransWikia.com

When is the vibration energy quantized?

Physics Asked on September 25, 2021

There is a quantum harmonic oscillator such as the vibration of diatomic molecules. [1, 2]
The molecular vibrations are quantized and the energy spectrum of the system is discrete, $hbaromegaleft(n + 1/2 right)$.

On the other hand, we have macroscopic classical harmonic oscillator such as the mass-spring system. I would be surprised if the vibrational energy of the mass-spring system is quantized. The system is in contact with the environment all the times but the harmonic motion keeps long enough time to prove that it is not affected by decoherence.

Why are the molecular vibrations quantized but not the mass-spring system? Does the size of the system matter? or is the size of the vibrational energy decisive? or is it the temperature breaking the quantization?

Or is the vibration of mass-spring system quantized actually?

One Answer

Generally solutions of quantum mechanics equations are necessary when the phase space of the problem is of dimensions of the order of magnitude of the Planck constant.

planck constant

The mathematical transition from the microworld of particles, molecules and lattices described by solutions of quantum mechanical equations to the classical dimensions is the density matrix formalism. In this formalism for a macroscopic system to exhibit quantum effects there should be a coherence ( a calculable phase) of at least some part of the wavefunctions of the particles describing the macroscopic system.Macroscopic systems are composed of a huge number of molecules , of the order of $10^{23}$ molecules per mole.

This coherence can happen and does happen , but not with your classical spring system. There exist macroscopic quantum mechanical systems, as in superfluidity and superconductivity, but they are special cases of coherence up to macroscopic dimensions.

Answered by anna v on September 25, 2021

Add your own answers!

Ask a Question

Get help from others!

© 2024 TransWikia.com. All rights reserved. Sites we Love: PCI Database, UKBizDB, Menu Kuliner, Sharing RPP