Physics Asked by P.ython on April 28, 2021
Why when given a question to find the image of a point object in a spherical refracting surface do you have to consider that there are two surfaces refracting the light?
I assumed that one could simply use the equation,
$frac{n_a}{s}$ + $frac{n_b}{s’}$ = $frac{n_b – n_a}{R}$
and solve for $s’$ to get the image distance, but why do I also have to calculate
$frac{n_b}{-(s’-d)}$ + $frac{n_a}{s_2′}$ = $frac{n_a – n_b}{-R}$
and then when I have solved for $s_2’$ add R and that is the image distance.
Example
A candle is placed $60 cm$ from a glass sphere with a $5cm$ radius. The index of refraction of the glass sphere is $n_b = 1.5$. How far from the center of the glass sphere will the image of the candle be?
My answer
$s= 60 -5 = 55 cm$
$R = 5 cm$
$n_a= 1$ and $n_b=1.5$
$frac{1}{55}$ + $frac{1.5}{s’}$ = $frac{1.5 – 1}{5}$ $=>$ $s’ =+18.33 cm$
Answer: The image will be $18.33 cm$ from the center
Answer provided as correct
$frac{1}{55}$ + $frac{1.5}{s’}$ = $frac{1.5 – 1}{5}$ => $s’ =18.33 cm$
$frac{1.5}{-(18.33-10)}$ + $frac{1}{s_2′}$ = $frac{1 – 1.5}{-5}$ $=>$ $s’_2 = 3.6 cm$
$s’_3 = 3.6 +5 = 8.6 cm$
Answer: The image will be $8.6 cm$ from the center of the glass sphere
You have to consider two surfaces because the light is refracted on two surfaces:
In between these surfaces, the light travels in a direction not parallel to the direction before the first refraction, or after the second.
Note that the sphere could be "spherical" only on the first surface, and different on the second. For example a half sphere, where the second surface is flat.
Correct answer by Volker Siegel on April 28, 2021
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