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Second consequence of invariance under regular canonical transformation in Shankar's QM book

Physics Asked on May 28, 2021

Near the end of chapter 2 of R. Shankar’s book Principles of Quantum Mechanics, he talks about two consequences of invariance of the Hamiltonian under a regular canonical transformation. My problem is with the second consequence and it’s proof (pg 99 and 103 respectively) :

If $H$ is invariant under the regular canonical, but not necessarily infinitesimal, transformation $(q,p) to (bar{q}, bar{p})$ and if $(q(t),p(t))$is a solution to the equations of motion, so is the transformed (translated, rotated, etc) trajectory $(bar{q}(t), bar{p}(t))$.

In his proof of this consequence he tries to show that $bar{q}$ and $bar{p}$ satisfy
$$dot{bar{q}} = frac{partial H}{partial bar{p}}$$
$$dot{bar{p}} = – frac{partial H}{partial bar{q}}$$
using the invariance of the Hamiltonian
$$H(q,p) = H(bar{q}, bar{p}).$$
But why should the invariance of the Hamiltonian matter at all? If the transformation $(q,p) to (bar{q}, bar{p})$ is canonical then by definition of canonical transformations, $bar{q}$ and $bar{p}$ should already satisfy Hamilton’s equations. Shouldn’t this be a consequence of just canonical transformations in general rather than being a consequence of the invariance of the Hamiltonian?

One Answer

You need to verify that because you don't necessarily know if $ dot {bar q } = frac{dH}{dbar p } $ or the other equation. The underlying reason is you don't know if the Poisson brackets will end up being the same. He states in page 98 that canonical only refers to equations 2.7.18, so you "only" know that $ { bar q_{j}, bar q_{k} } = { bar p_{j}, bar p_{k} } = 0 $ as well as $ { bar q_{j}, bar p_{k} } = delta_{jk}$. So really you need to do some back-tracking just in case.

Shankar notes that if it were passive, you could assume what you wrote. This is at the bottom of page 103.

Answered by anon.jpg on May 28, 2021

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