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Gas currents within bubble injected into liquid in open container

Physics Asked by Kerry McCarthy on February 2, 2021

All at room temperature. Inject gas bubbles into the bottom of an open container of liquid. Gas bubbles rise in the denser, heavier liquid. As the gas bubble is being formed within the water, surface tension is created between the liquid molecules at the gas/liquid interface. Motion of gas leaving the injector nozzle might impart some slight current, but inside the bubbles, I assume gas molecules randomly move about until they rebound off each other and rebound off (or get absorbed by) the liquid surface molecules forming the bubble enclosure. At the gas/liquid interface is it possible that a thin film of gas forms around the bubble surface? Would such a gas film move together with the molecules forming the surface of the liquid as the bubble translates through it? Or, do the liquid molecules under bubble surface tension stay together while they rise to the surface of the liquid in the container?

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