Deriving Feynman rules from generating functional $Z[J]$

I would like a general method to derive the Feynman rules for any scalar Lagrangian from the generating functional $$Z[J]=int mathcal{D}phi exp left[iS[phi]+iint d^4xJ(x)phi(x)right].$$
There are many examples in the common QFT books (Schwartz, Peskin & Schroeder, Srednicki) but I failed to find a general and comprehensive method.