Assessing the value of stock options without the strike price or cap table

Without a strike price the options are meaningless. You have the option to buy shares... at what price? Even if you don't know how much a "share" is worth without a strike the options are meaningless.

Certainly knowing what percentage of the outstanding shares your options represent would be valuable, too - at least then you could get some sort of semblance of value based on an estimate of the company's worth.

In the context of a job offer, though, it may not be a deal-breaker so long as the salary and other considerations like benefits, stability, etc. are reasonable. You could consider the stock options as "gravy" in the sense that you don't rely on them having any value, but if they do, then it's only a benefit to you.

Employee stock options usually have a strike price equal to the fair market value of the company on the grant date; the idea being that you are getting a share of the value created from that point forward. So I would evaluate the options based on the potential of the company relative to what it is now. In my experience it's pretty common to not get a strike price immediately if the company is in the midst of a 409A valuation or a fundraising round.