Background

Multi-cylinder vehicles with multiple carbs

To port this question over to applicability with cars. This is the same issue that has plagued older Ferrari and Jaguar mechanics over the years. The 'balancing act'. If you have a V12 and 6 or 12 carbs, getting them all balanced and uniformly restrictive in terms of allowing air into them can be very challenging. MOST multi-cylinder motorcycles have 1 carb or throttle body per cylinder.

Late 70's through Early 2000 Multi-Carbed Motorcycles

From the factory, your fuel screw is blocked by a small aluminum plug. You cannot adjust air/fuel ratio (AFR) on this bike until you drill out the plugs. They are very easy to remove. They are dangerous to drill out. If you penetrate through the aluminum plug you can push your drill down to the brass air adjustment screw and turn it all the way in. There is a needle at the end that will enter the air galley and get stuck. When you try and turn it out the pin snaps off into the air galley which provides proper AFR at idle and just off idle, since it's an air galley, it will be rich on that cylinder.

AFR and carburetor synchronization

They do interact and have some effect on one another. That being said, if you give one cylinder a super lean condition and the other a super rich one you can effect the synchronization. As well, the inverse is not true. If you have one carb set open too much and the other one closed off, their AFR won't change.

Synchronizing - Tools and Tricks

I understand some of the other respondents suggested using the water method with tubing going up a long piece of cardboard. That's not really for me. I've done back in the day but, I like to work on bikes and I worked for a real stiff chap that cut his teeth at HRC in the Pan-Pacific side car series with a works team. No junk tools, do it right.

A tool like this is one that I recommend.

*The big reason I recommend these is that they come with the brass or SS fittings that you need to screw into your manifold to take the readings. They look like this.

Whatever you decide, the water tub/tube fancy trick or the vacuum gauge method, you will need those fittings. You can google "motorcycle carburetor synchronize brass fitting" and you will be able to procure them from someone somewhere.

when you get the right kit you get all the different sizes of fittings, if you don't, you need to make sure you order the ones with the correct thread pitch, etc.

Image of location of manifold plug screws

• you will insert those brass fittings into your manifold after removing the plug screw. The plug screw, if not removed for some time, will have fused to the aluminum because the screw has some iron in it. The oxidation melds together, I forgot the name of the process. IF the screw is stuck, hit with a torch for a bit and squirt water right on the screw. The expansion and contraction should free it up enough to break it (the bond) so you can get it out.

On almost all four cylinder MC's you balance the bank in pairs.

• Balance carb/cylinder 1 and 2 together

• Balance carb/cylinder 3 and 4 together

• Balance pair 1 and 2 to the pair of 3 and 4

There are only three screws to balance the 4 carburetors together. One for each 'pair' of balancing you do.

Now that you have everything hooked up, start the bike and let it warm up. Make sure you are off choke and set the idle at about 1500 RPM initially with the idle screw. This will keep you from stalling while you screw up the balance and bring it back in. When the bike is out of balance the idle will increase. The bank that is off will drive the idle up. It may sound smooth. Don't fall for it, it's a ruse. They are out of balance when the tool says they are.

Once you have them synched, set the idle to factory spec, probably between 900 and 1100 RPM depending on the model.

Location of the balancing screws

• Reminder - make sure your fuel screws, float levels and AFR are good on all of them first. In a shop, synchronization is always done after everything else is completed.

  1. Valve adjustment
  2. Set Floats
  3. Set air screws
  4. Adjust jet needle
  5. Balance carburetors