MathOverflow Asked on December 3, 2021
There is no Lebesgue measure in infinite dimensions—this slogan is familiar to every student interested in analysis. One possible, precise statement of this result may be as follows: if $X$ is an infinite dimensional Banach space there is no Borel, translation invariant measure with the property that each point has a neighborhood with finite measure. However people tried some constructions weakening some of the assumptions. One approach is described in Gill, Pantsulaia, and Zachary – Constructive analysis in infinitely many variables. The authors claim that they were able to construct an analogue of Lebesgue measure on the space of all sequences $mathbb{R}^{infty}$ (of course this space is not Banach). I wonder whether there is someone familiar with this paper: unfortunately I got lost (and I’m not quite sure whether the authors put everything correctly).
Sketch of the strategy: Denote $I_n=prod_{k=n+1}^{infty}[-frac{1}{2},frac{1}{2}]$: they use the symmetric closed interval of length $1$ to "stabilize" the construction: they split the space $mathbb{R}^{infty}$ into two disjoint pieces $X_1=bigcup_{k=1}mathbb{R}^{k}_I$ where $mathbb{R}^k_I=mathbb{R}^k times I_{k}$ and $X_2=mathbb{R}^{infty} setminus X_1$.
On $X_1$ they consider the product topology, on $X_2$ they consider discrete topology (sic!) and finally they consider the topology of disjoint union on $mathbb{R}^{infty}$. Then they define an analogue of Lebesgue measure, denoted by $lambda_{infty}$ in several steps.
First they define (on page 113) this measure for sets of the form $A times I_1$ (where $A$ is Borel in $mathbb{R}$ with finite measure) as $lambda(A)$. I’m guessing that they proceed similarly for $A times I_n$ where $A subset mathbb{R}^n$ (they didn’t state it explicitly but seem to be using this definition in the proof of theorem 2.5). Note that it is possible that $A$ is of measure $0$.
Then they define this measure on the class $Delta_0$ consisting of sets of the form $K times I_n$ where $K$ is compact with nonzero, finite (which is automatic) measure, then for the class $Delta$ of finite, (almost) disjoint sums of sets from $Delta_0$.
After that they define $lambda_{infty}$ for open sets as $lim_{N to infty} sup lambda_{infty}(P_N)$ where $P_N subset G$, $P_N in Delta$ (I guess that they meant just supremum together with convention that it is $0$ if there is no $P_N subset G$: which occurs quite often since $X_2$ was discrete).
Then they define $lambda_{infty}$ for compact sets (as I understand this was not necessarily covered before since for example $[0,frac{1}{2}]^{infty}$ is compact but does not belong to $Delta$).
Furthermore having defined this measure for compact and for open sets they define outer and inner measures as infimum over open sets/supremum over compact sets. The inner measure is defined only for sets with finite outer measure. They then call a set bounded measurable if these two measures coincide. Finally the set is called measurable it its intersection with any bounded measurable set is again bounded measurable-then $lambda_{infty}(A)$ is defined as the supremum of $lambda_{infty}(A cap M)$ over all bounded measurable sets $M$.
Question How to understand this measure well enough to be able to compute measures of simple sets? For example I would be happy if I could compute $lambda_{infty}(J_1 times J_2 times J_3 times dotsb)$ where each $J_k$ is either an interval (could be closed, could be open) or the real line or a point or a half line.
There are plenty of possibilities: some of them seem understandable for me, some are not. Here are some examples:
Now let me list some sets for which I’m not sure how to proceed:
I’m not sure whether this question is appropriate for this site for it asks about computing measure of very simple sets. However even if this measure should serve as an analogue of Lebesgue measure its definition is quite involved—so I’m looking for simple formulas.
EDIT: I’ve adressed the comment below. Let me also mention that the authors state that they are using the following convention: $0 times infty=0$ but $0 times infty^{infty}=infty$.
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