MathOverflow Asked by Nate Gallup on December 8, 2021
Background:
Context: In section 1.14 of Jens Jantzen’s great book "Representations of Algebraic Groups", the following is stated: If $X$ and $Y$ are presheaves which are schemes over a noetherian ring $k$ and $Z subseteq X$ is a subscheme, and if $Z, X$ are algebraic and $Y$ is flat, then $overline{Z times Y} = overline{Z} times Y$. For the proof, he references Demazure-Gabriel I, section 2, 4.14 (although in my copy of Bell’s translation this reference unfortunately doesn’t exist).
Actual Question:
Is this true for general presheaves? I.e. if $X$ and $Y$ are presheaves and $Z subseteq X$ is a subfunctor, is it true that $overline{Z times Y} = overline{Z} times Y$? I worry that it isn’t because of the conditions in Jantzen stated above, but I haven’t been able to decide either way. (Also side question: does anyone know the correct reference in the translation?)
This is not true even for affine schemes. Let $k = mathbb{Z}$, let $X = operatorname{Spec} mathbb{Z}$, let $Y = operatorname{Spec} mathbb{F}_p$, and let $Z cong operatorname{Spec} mathbb{Z} [ p^{-1}]$. The closure of $Z$ in $X$ is $X$ itself, but $Z times Y cong operatorname{Spec} { 0 }$, which is already closed in $X times Y$. Of course, $Y$ is not flat.
Answered by Zhen Lin on December 8, 2021
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