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Show that the function $f(z)=frac{1-cos z}{z^n}$ has no anti-derivative on $mathbb Csetminus{0}$ if $n$ is an odd integer.

Mathematics Asked by RIYASUDHEEN T. K on December 6, 2020

Show that the function $f(z)=frac{1-cos z}{z^n}$ has no anti-derivative on $mathbb Csetminus{0}$ if $n$ is a positive odd integer.

I think, If we can able to prove $int_S f(z) dz neq 0$, on the unit circle $S$, then by fundamental theorem of algebra gives the desired one. But, how can I use the definition $int_gamma f(z)dz=int_a^b f(gamma(t))gamma'(t)dt$ for a continuous function $f(z)$ on a piecewise smooth contour $gamma:=gamma(t),~a leq gamma leq b$ ?

One Answer

Let $g(z)=1-cos z$. Thenbegin{align}int_Sf(z),mathrm dz&=int_Sfrac{g(z)}{z^n},mathrm dz\&=2pi ifrac{g^{(n-1)}(0)}{(n-1)!}end{align}which is $0$ if and only if $n$ is even.

Correct answer by José Carlos Santos on December 6, 2020

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