Mathematics Asked by user830531 on October 15, 2020
I’m preparing for an exam and found this problem: Let $X$ be obtained from $S^2times S^2$ by identifying $S^2times {p}$ to a point, then what is $H^*(X, mathbb{Z})$?
I think first of all I’m not sure what the cell structure of this is. I think it’s got one 0-cell, one 2-cell, and a 4-cell right?
As was pointed out above, this quotient has a cell structure as (0-cell, 2-cell, 4-cell) letting you compute the homology groups rather quickly:
$$ H_{*}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2},mathbb{Z})=begin{cases} mathbb{Z} & * = 0,4\ mathbb{Z} & * = 2\ 0 & else end{cases} $$
As good practice for me, I verified the above with the following long winded approach.
$S^{2}times S^{2}$ has has a cell decomposition of one 0-cell, two 2-cells, and one 4-cell. Hence it's homology is: $$ H_{*}(S^{2}times S^{2},mathbb{Z})=begin{cases} mathbb{Z} & * = 0,4\ mathbb{Z}^{2} & * = 2\ 0 & else end{cases} $$
Now, $S^{2}times {p}$ has an open neighborhood in which it is a deformation retraction (consider $S^{2}times B_{epsilon}(p)$). As such, we may apply the following long exact sequence of relative homology: $$ ...rightarrow tilde{H}_{k}(S^{2})rightarrow tilde{H}_{k}(S^{2}times S^{2})rightarrow tilde{H}_{k}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})rightarrow tilde{H}_{k-1}(S^{2})rightarrow... $$ with the obvious identification of $S^{2}times{p}$ with $S^{2}$.
Now we compute: $S^{2}times S^{2}$ is path connected. Passing to the quotient wont change that. So $$H_{0}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})=mathbb{Z}$$
Now $tilde{H}_{0}(S^{2})=0$ and $tilde{H}_{1}(S^{2}times S^{2})=H_{1}(S^{2}times S^{2})=0$. Hence by the long exact sequence $$H_{1}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})=0.$$ Now $H_{1}(S^{2})=0$ and $H_{2}(S^{2})=mathbb{Z}$. Further, $S^{2}times{p}$ is a generator of $H_{2}(S^{2}times S^{2})$. By the ES $$H_{2}(S^{2})rightarrow H_{2}(S^{2}times S^{2})rightarrow H_{2}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})rightarrow 0$$ We have that $$H_{2}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})=mathbb{Z}$$
Now the kernel of the last map in the above ES is trivial (since $H_{2}(S^{2})$ maps injectively into $H_{2}(S^{2}times S^{2})$). SO we can split our long exact squence as $$rightarrow H_{3}(S^{2})rightarrow H_{3}(S^{2}times S^{2}) rightarrow H_{3}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})rightarrow 0.$$ Checking above, all three of these groups must be 0. So $$H_{3}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})=0$$
Finally we have $$0rightarrow H_{4}(S^{2}times S^{2})rightarrow H_{4}(S^{2}times S^{2})rightarrow 0$$ So $$H_{4}(S^{2}times S^{2}/S^{2})=mathbb{Z}$$
Answered by Daniel H. Hartman on October 15, 2020
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