Errors while importing QGIS 3.10 from standalone Python, but not from QGIS's Python Console

I try to load a QGIS project in standalone Python on Windows 10. This is the code that I use:

from qgis.core import *

qgs = QgsApplication([], False) 
QgsApplication.setPrefixPath("C:Program FilesQGIS 3.10appsqgis", True) 
QgsApplication.initQgis() 
project = QgsProject.instance() 
project.read("filename.qgz")
layers = project.mapLayers()
print(layers)

Running this code from the Python console inside the QGIS application works perfectly and it returns a dict of the layers in the project.

However my goal is to build a standalone Python script. I use the Python interpreter that came with the QGIS installation (C:Program FilesQGIS 3.10binpython3.exe) for this. The environment variables are set correctly using e.g. a modification of this description on how to set them. I also double checked that the variables inside the QGIS application and in the command line are the same. Now when executing the above code with the standalone Python interpreter, I get this error message:

Logged warning: Loading a file that was saved with an older version of qgis (saved in 3.4.8-Madeira, loaded in 3.10.2-A Coru?a). Problems may occur.
pj_open_lib(proj.db): call fopen(C:/Users/ESPPC25/AppData/Roaming/python3profilesdefault/projproj.db) - succeeded
libpng warning: iCCP: known incorrect sRGB profile
libpng warning: iCCP: known incorrect sRGB profile
QObject::connect: invalid null parameter
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
qt.svg: Cannot open file ':/images/composer/missing_image.svg', because: No such file or directory
QThreadStorage: Thread 0x21e690e9c30 exited after QThreadStorage 4 destroyed
QWaitCondition: Destroyed while threads are still waiting

I can still execute methods like layers.keys(), put printing anything from the layer dict results in the above error message.

What is going on? How can I get the layers from my project in standalone Python? What else could be different between the Python console inside the QGIS application and the standalone Python interpreter?