English Language & Usage Asked on May 27, 2021
I don’t understand why the 3rd-person of verbs that end in -y such as cry, try, or fly follow the rule for pluralizing nouns like fly. Why do they become cries, tries, and flies instead of crys, trys, and flys? This makes no sense because we are not talking about plurals, or even nouns. Plus, this form is not consistent with the 3rd-person form of other verbs like jump->jumps or eat->eats.
Is there any rational reason for this or is it simply yet another example of arbitrary and inconsistent English grammar?
When working with words that end in Y, the rules are the same to pluralize nouns and to conjugate a verb for the present tense in third person singular (he, she, it). The rules are:
For an example of a verb where a consonant comes before the Y, look at how fry becomes fries. (He fries. She fries. It fries.)
For an example of a verb where a vowel comes before the Y, look at how fray becomes frays. (He frays. She frays. It frays.)
The bonus here is that when you move on to conjugate the verb for the past tense, the rule remains similar:
Thus, the past tense for fry becomes fried and the past tense for fray becomes frayed.
Correct answer by Sally on May 27, 2021
First of all, when verbs pluralize, they do not follow the rules for noun pluralization. The plural form of "fly" is "fly", not "flies". Consider this:
He flies away.
They fly away.
"Fly" is clearly the plural verb, while "flies" is the singular.
There is no reasoning why words ending with "y" are treated differently from other words ending in other letters. It is just a case of rules, and rules don't necessarily have reasons. For example, why add "s", for pluralization? why not add "e"? No reason! It's just a grammar rule.
The reason they become "flies" instead of "flys", is due to the fact that the "y" is not preceded by a vowel. When verbs end in "y", and they are preceded by a consonant, such as "r", their singular form takes the form of "-ies", such as "flies", "cries.". However, when the verb ends with "y", but the "y" is preceded by a vowel, "s" is just added. Examples are "Play/plays", "buy/buys".
This rule applies to both nouns and verbs. When nouns ending in "y" pluralize, the form they take is determined by whether they are preceded by a vowel or a consonant. When verbs ends in "y" singularize, whether they just add "s", or become "-ies" is decided by whether the "y" is preceded by a vowel or consonant.
If a verb ends with a vowel before -y, we just add -s for the third person singular:
If a verb ends with a consonant before -y, we remove the y and add -ies for the third person singular:
If a noun ends with a vowel before -y, we just add -s for the plural:
If a noun ends with a consonant before -y, we remove the y and add -ies for the plural
Verbs work contrary to nouns.
Answered by Thursagen on May 27, 2021
The fact that you change a final y to ie before adding the suffix s is commonplace in English in both nouns and verbs. It has nothing to do with being plural. Actually, it has nothing to do with grammar. It is simply an orthographic (spelling) rule. Why do we have it? Some people earlier must have thought that y looks nicer at the end of a word and ie looks nicer in the middle of the word. That's pretty much the reason behind it.
Answered by Łukasz on May 27, 2021
The interesting thing about these words is that the y is acting as a vowel, one that makes its long sound when appearing alone at the end of a word. However, if you just added an s, the y surrounded by consonants would now be pronounced like a short i. Changing the y to ies preserves the long i pronunciation.
Answered by Stonehenge on May 27, 2021
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