What does 'as favorable to' mean?

The degree of improved quality of life is not directly described. It is however implied as Makan remains a peasant. Therefore one can assume that the quality of life was slight, but not great enough to rise above the feudal class of peasant.

The sentence should be read as

"One can compare Makan's quality of life as being favourable in comparison to that of most other peasants in regions."

Or understood as "One can compare Makan's quality of life as one that would be favoured by most people over the quality of life of most other peasants in regions.

It simply means that deciding which has a better quality of life, Makan or most of the other peasants, would depend on how you compare them.

Read as:

It is possible to make the comparison in such a way that Makan's quality of life seems better than that of most other peasants in the region.

Would everyone come to this conclusion? No. It all depends on how you make the comparison.