Usage of conjunction 'and'

Question

Where it becomes murkier is when using behavioural science and data
strays into manipulation.

In this sentence, a form of two verbs on both sides of 'and' in when claused are different.
A former is a -ing form(straying) and a latter is a Present tense verb (strays).
Could someone tell me how could it be possible grammatically, please?

GEdgar · Accepted Answer

Here, the phrase "using behavioural science and data" is what strays.  The word "using" here is a gerund: a form derived from a verb, but functions as a noun.

Usage of conjunction 'and'

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