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Is there a word for a "promise breaker"?

English Language & Usage Asked on January 11, 2021

I’m somewhat vexed in that I cannot think of a word that means a “promise breaker” or “person who breaks a promise”. There are words that may subsume that, such as “miscreant” or “liar”, but I cannot come up with an English word that is limited to a person who breaks promises.

The closest I’ve come is “piker”, which is (a) informal and (b) limited to Australia/NZ, but means (according to the dictionary on my Mac):

a person who withdraws from a commitment.

Is there a more formal and common word that can be used to refer to people who break promises?

12 Answers

Reneger:

renege, renegue vb (intr; often foll by on)
to go back (on one's promise, etc.)
reneger , reneguer n

Reneger vs. oath breaker ngram:

ngram of 'reneger' and 'oath breaker' 1920-2010, reneger leading in use approx 1960, oath breaker leading in use approx 1930s and early 2000s

Correct answer by GEdgar on January 11, 2021

A personal favorite slang term for an unreliable person is a flake. A flake says they are going to do something and then they don't follow through. The definition is not limited to promise breaking, however.

Answered by gbutters on January 11, 2021

This may be US specific, but I have used Welcher used for promises as well as bets.

Answered by Rory Alsop on January 11, 2021

There's "oathbreaker". It isn't very common these days though.

Answered by T.E.D. on January 11, 2021

Warlock - if you're into really Old English:

Middle English warloghe, from Old English wrloga, oath-breaker : wr, pledge; see wr-o- in Indo-European roots + -loga, liar (from logan, to lie; see leugh- in Indo-European roots).

(Note: the link originally went to Wikipedia's Warlock, which had a brief description, including roughly the oathbreaker meaning. Apparently the word has changed, to a D&D character...)

Answered by John C on January 11, 2021

Let me add forsworn. Which is one of those words with two opposite senses, as "He forswore alcohol," with the sense of making the promise followed by "He went on a drunken bender and was forsworn."

Answered by Andrew Lazarus on January 11, 2021

A more formal version of OP's suggested word Piker is Defaulter

Answered by user49727 on January 11, 2021

I call someone who breaks a promise to me a betrayer. But "reneger" is probably a better choice.

Answered by Godfrey on January 11, 2021

Faithless is one possibility. From Wiktionary:

  1. Not observant of promises or covenants.

Unfaithful or perfidious may be possibilities as well.

Answered by Andrew Grimm on January 11, 2021

recreant

adj. Unfaithful or disloyal to a belief, duty, or cause: "Consider the man who stands by his duty and goes to the stake rather than be recreant to it" (Mark Twain).

n. A faithless or disloyal person.

[Middle English recreaunt, defeated, from Old French recreant, present participle of recroire, to yield in a trial by combat, surrender allegiance, from Medieval Latin recrēdere, to yield, pledge : Latin re-, re- + Latin crēdere, to believe; see kerd- in Indo-European roots.]American Heritage® Dictionary

apostate

n. A disloyal person who betrays or deserts their cause or religion or political party or friend etc.

adj. Not faithful to religion or party or cause WordNet 3.0, Farlex

Answered by Elian on January 11, 2021

Is there a word for a “promise breaker”?

Yes, there is: break-promise!

And yes, this is a person who breaks a promise. It was used by no less than William Shakespeare in As You Like It and is in a category of nouns called cutthroat compounds.

According to Encyclopedia Briannica:

Cutthroats are compounds that name people and things by describing what they do. Cutthroats are made from a transitive verb and a noun, where the noun is the direct object of the verb.

So a cutthroat is not a throat but a pirate who cuts throats; a scarecrow is not a crow but a thing that scares crows; a Shakespeare is a person who originally shook spears; and a break-promise is a person who breaks promises.

Some other break- cutthroats:

  • break-bones (an osprey)
  • break-club (an obstacle in golf)
  • break-hedge (a trespasser)
  • break-league (a treaty breaker)
  • break-love (a disturber of love)
  • break-net (a dogfish)
  • break-peace
  • break-pulpit (a break-pulpit preacher)
  • break-vow
  • breakwind

Answered by Hugo on January 11, 2021

If it's just in the area of love, it could be 'heart-breaker'.

Answered by Jelila on January 11, 2021

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