English Language & Usage Asked on July 5, 2021
Just in the past few months, I’ve been coming across the word bible as a lowercase word. I’m not talking about the word as used in, say, “the fisherman’s bible,” or such similar uses; rather, the appearance of the word when it clearly refers to the Holy Bible, as in the Judeo-Christian Scriptures.
As a lifelong Christian, I am somewhat concerned (assuming tentatively there is a trend) that the use of the word bible, when referring to the Holy Bible, may be related to a general devaluing of this traditionally sacred book.
My questions, then: a) “Is there a trend toward replacing the capital B in Bible with a lowercase b?”; and b) Are there data that substantiate this trend, if in fact it is a trend?
I am not able to supply a direct answer to "Is there a trend...?" and "Are there data...? And I sense that it may be difficult to find anyone who is.
If it helps I can, though, express my own view about the matter, which may to some extent reflect the attitudes of others.
For me it would depend on context.
If I were saying Holy Bible I would always use a capital HB - not necessarily for religious reasons. I would do the same for Austen's Pride and Prejudice as it is the name of a work of literature.
However "bible" and words deriving from it e.g. "biblical", written alone, I would normally not capitalise - for the reason that it would only be a shorthand informal everyday reference to the HB.
If I were saying something like "Following the sale at the bookshop there were a number of bibles left on the shelf" - I don't think I would use a capital B. I'm not sure why, but it just seems inappropriate to me.
But if I wanted to draw attention to the sacredness or the majesty of a quotation I would either write "Holy Bible", or possibly Bible with a capital, if it felt appropriate to do so.
In a footnote it would be important to refer to the particular translation - such as Authorised Version and subsequently "AV". But far more likely, most authors would quote the name of the book of the bible - such as Deuteronomy, followed by "AV" - which would always be capitalised.
As a clergyman once told me, in my youth, "the bible isn't a book - it is a library".
Answered by WS2 on July 5, 2021
Generally speaking, capital letters are used with proper nouns while lowercase letters are used with common nouns.
For example:
1. I met President Trump.
2. I met the president.
In the first sentence, President is part of a specific title, but in the second sentence, it's simply a generic class.
This specific distinction is also made clear by, for example, the definition of bible at Merriam-Webster:
1 capitalized, religion
a : the sacred scriptures of Christians comprising the Old Testament and the New Testament
b : the sacred scriptures of some other religion (such as Judaism)
3 capitalized, religion : a copy or an edition of the Bible
// gave each of her grandchildren a Bible
4 : a publication that is preeminent especially in authoritativeness or wide readership
// the fisherman's bible
// the bible of the entertainment industry
Bible is (normally) only capitalized if it's talking about a specific religious text. (Or if it's the actual title of something.)
The question is somewhat confusing, however, because it starts off by implying that this distinction is already clear. It also seems to at least imply that it's not asking about the difference between a common noun and a proper noun, but the incorrect use of the lowercase when it comes to the proper noun in the case of the Bible itself.
In other words, it could be paraphrased like this:
Has anybody noticed a recent trend of writing Holy bible rather than Holy Bible?
If that's really what's being asked, then I'd agree that this would be unusual. It wouldn't follow common conventions of style or punctuation.
But the claim would also need to be backed up by some kind of metric or other objective evidence to show that there actually is such a trend—and one which could then be explained in some way. As a simple statement, it could just be a subjectively increasing annoyance over seeing a mistake—like any other mistake in grammar—that only appears to be increasingly common.
Answered by Jason Bassford on July 5, 2021
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