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Is there a term for when fiction refers to fiction

English Language & Usage Asked on July 27, 2021

In the movie E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, two characters are talking and one refers to something from Star Trek.

Here is the lines from that dialogue (source IMDB),

Elliott: He’s a man from outer space and we’re taking him to his spaceship.
Greg: Well, can’t he just beam up?
Elliott: This is reality,
Greg.

So a fictional movie is referring to another fictional story. Is there a term for this?

4 Answers

Allusion, may be the term you are looking for.

Allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. It does not describe in detail the person or thing to which it refers. It is just a passing comment and the writer expects the reader to possess enough knowledge to spot the allusion and grasp its importance in a text. https://literarydevices.net/allusion/

While it does include things other than fiction for possible references, it's still fairly specific. The example you provided falls well within this definition. Perhaps "literary allusion" would be more fitting.

Answered by matildalee23 on July 27, 2021

I think Allusion is the best term for this scenario, but there can be other world-breaking type of scenarios. I adore MetaFiction, so the link to Intertextuality is a good starting place, and if you have time, yes, TV Tropes can show you a zillion parallels.

Some more things to explore:

Answered by April Salutes Monica C. on July 27, 2021

There is the general term self-reflexive, referring to when something refers to itself. (Now, if I can find a reference...) Ah, here we go -- Websters:

marked by or making reference to its own artificiality or contrivance. self-reflexive fiction

Answered by Hot Licks on July 27, 2021

If you haven't found the term you are looking for yet, it is "meta." This term derives from "metafiction."

From MW.com

1 informal : showing or suggesting an explicit awareness of itself or oneself as a member of its category : cleverly self-referential

2 informal : concerning or providing information about members of its own category

Your example fits more into definition 2, while other meta examples are more self-aware and even "break the fourth wall" to comment on themselves.

Examples of the use of "meta":

Why Rick and Morty gets so meta

‘Scream’ Turns 20: 10 Reasons It’s Still a Meta-Horror Masterpiece

Rick and Morty's Latest Meta Episode 'Bashes' Its Own Narrative

What’s The Meta? How The Cabin in the Woods Subverted Horror

8 Unapologetically Meta SF/F Novels

Answered by GArthurBrown on July 27, 2021

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