Is "left for heaven" a common phrase in English?

Corpus evidence suggests that it is not. There are no records for it in the Corpus of Contemporary American English or the British National Corpus, and there are only six records in the Corpus of Global Web-Based English of 1.9 billion words from 20 countries.

If, as seems probable, the expression left for heaven is a euphemism for died, then it might be used by some religious believers. But a much more common euphemism for to die among believers and atheists alike is to pass away.

"Left for heavenly abode" is a common Indian English idiom, a euphemism used mainly in obituary notices.

malankaradailynews:
Mrs.Annamma Skariah, Kizhakkedath (Chicago) left to her heavenly abode

In the context of Hindu culture we say in Gujarat "સ્વર્ગે સીધાવ્યા અથવા સ્વર્ગમાં ઉપડ્યા " so meaning of "left for heaven " is easily conveyed to people of Gujarat and probably to all Hindus across India.