English Language & Usage Asked on June 2, 2021
Consider these three cases:
Those are spelled the ways that feel correct to me, but I’m not certain.
The standard rule for hyphenating compound adjectives is that you hyphenate them only if they appear before the noun they modify. By this rule, #2 is incorrect.
But I also found this:
Some established compound adjectives are always hyphenated.
Double-check with a dictionary or online. Example: The design is
state-of-the-art.
By this rule, #2 is correct and #3 is incorrect, but I’m not sure if this rule applies here. While up-to-date (as well as its counterpart out-of-date, which I’m also concerned with) do appear in the dictionary with hyphens, I’m not sure they fall into the same category as state-of-the-art because they are still grammatical without hyphens, as ordinary prepositional phrases with the prepositions up to and out of. #3 feels correct to me.
In particular, in #2, up-to-date is an object complement, and my instinct says that in this construction it should be hyphenated even though it’s after the noun. None of the hyphenation guides I’ve found include an example with an object complement. Is there any difference in hyphenation between an object complement and any other compound adjective that follows its noun?
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