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Have difficulty/difficulties (in) doing something

English Language & Usage Asked on October 15, 2020

What is syntactically the –ing-phrase in both the versions with and without the preposition? For example in He has trouble [in] keeping things in perspective right now.

Secondly, does the latter derive form the former?

One Answer

There is no real difference. The omission of prepositions in modifying phrases is and has been common in English:

He lived there [for] several years.

Kiplng L 108 I shall always be threepence short in my accounts = I shall always be short in my accounts by threepence

Gissing G 197 she blames herself no end = she blames herself without an end.

Darwin L 1.209 I can hardly think there will be a coronation [at] this time [in] fifty years.

Thus we have

keeping things - gerund phrase acting adjectivally

in keeping things - Adjectival prepositional modifier (in + gerund phrase.)

Examples taken from "A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles Part7 Syntax V4 1949 by O Jespersen.

Answered by Greybeard on October 15, 2020

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