Expressions with and without "get"

Possibly this is an ELL question...

I *back.

Back as a verb is used in the following cases:

1) to give support to someone or something with money or words:

2) to risk money by saying that you think a horse, team, etc. will win a race, game, or competition in order to win more money if they do:

3) to (cause to) move backwards:

4) to cover the back of something with a material, often to make it stronger or thicker:

-Cambridge online

While it may appear to be similar to the usage in other languages and so a source of confusion for non-native speakers, it is usually an adverb or a noun in English.

So,

"I got back"

...would be the usual usage, and "back" is an adverb.

Your other question about using get with other verbs is confusing, unless you mean with participles used as adjectives...

examples

They got married.

He got tired.

She got upset.

In those cases, get refers to a change in state.

The usage of get is very complicated, and can be confusing for non-native speakers.