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Difference between this two sentences

English Language & Usage Asked on April 30, 2021

I was reading an academic paper, and this sentence came up:

This matrix is not easy to be estimated exactly

Why the author has chosen this form, in some sense convoluted because it contains three verbs and didn’t go for something as:

It is not easy to estimate this matrix exactly

Is there any major difference between these two?

One Answer

Your question is deeper than it may seem to many native speakers. It would have been difficult for a non-native speaker to uncover the key concept of tough movement (see brief excerpt below). I therefore answer your question.

The adjective easy applies logically to the estimating of the matrix and not to the matrix.

The author has wrongly applied easy to the matrix and not to the estimation. They have mistakenly used a construction that parallels “It is not easy to be cured of tuberculosis”, “... to be fitted with a false leg”,”... to be rescued from an avalanche”, where the verb creates a reaction in the subject. There is no reaction in a matrix.

Your own version correctly applies the adjective easy to the estimation. It does so by using the grammatical concept of:

Tough movement = In formal syntax, tough movement refers to sentences in which the syntactic subject of the main verb is logically the object of an embedded non-finite verb. The following sentences illustrate tough movement.

(1) This problem is tough to solve.

(2) Chris is easy to please.

Wikipedia

The link contains extensive further discussion of the concept, too lengthy and formal to repeat here.

Correct answer by Anton on April 30, 2021

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