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choosing tense in the If-clause of a mixed conditional

English Language & Usage Asked on April 12, 2021

Suppose A, B and C plan to meet at a place. A and B reach the place in time. C calls one of them to say that he’ll be late, because he left just five minutes ago.

A to B:

  1. A: If he had left at least half an hour ago, he would be here now!

Q: I know the above sentence is called a mixed conditional. But do native speakers use simple past tense instead of past perfect in the If-clause of such a conditional sentence where the context makes it clear that the If-clause is talking about a past counterfactual situation? Like this:

  1. If he left at least half an hour ago, he would be here now! (still implying that C did not leave at the said time)

Note: Sentence (2) is not a second conditional.

One Answer

If he had left half an hour ago ...

This means that I know for a fact that he did not leave half-an-hour ago. In other words it translates to:

If he had decided to leave half an hour ago (but he didn't) ... then he would be here.


If he left half an hour ago ...

This means that I allow the fact that he may have left half-an-hour ago.

If it is true that he left half an hour ago ... then he should be here. (maybe we just haven't met up with him yet)

Answered by chasly - supports Monica on April 12, 2021

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