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Covariance between sample mean of two simple random samples

Cross Validated Asked by Ana Pau De la Fuente on November 6, 2021

Suppose that we have two simple random samples without replacement $A$ and $B$ from a population $P$ of size $N$ such that $B = P-A$ where $n$ is the size of $A$ and $m$ is the size of $B$.

I want to find the covariance between $bar x_A, bar x_B$

I have done the following:

$Cov(bar x_A, bar x_B) = Cov(frac{1}{n} sum_{i=1}^n X_i, frac{1}{m} sum_{j=1}^m X_j) =frac{1}{nm} sum_{i=1}^n sum_{j=1}^m Cov(X_i,X_j) = frac{1}{nm} sum_{i=1}^N sum_{j=1}^N Cov(X_i I_i ,X_j I_j)$

where $I_i, I_j$ are the indicator functions

$ = frac{1}{nm} sum_{i=1}^N sum_{j=1}^N X_i X_j Cov(I_i ,I_j)$

And this is where I do not know how to proceed.

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