Newest references from Mendeley are not imported to Latex

Desktop or Web?

Are you using Mendeley Desktop? If so, possibly you did not sync your Mendeley Desktop library with your Mendeley Web library. Overleaf links to your Mendeley Web account, so refreshing in Overleaf will only sync with the Mendeley Web library.

1. in Mendeley Desktop go to File → Synchronize Library, or just press cmd+r or ctrl+r
2. Now refresh the .bib file in your Overleaf project that is linked to Mendeley.
3. Recompile your LaTex document.

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Entire library or only group?

Are you possibly importing only a specific Mendeley group? If so, then you need to make sure that the newly added references are not only added to the Mendeley library, but also to your specific group.

1. Add your new references to the desired Mendeley group.
2. If on Mendeley Desktop: Sync your Mendeley library (see above).
3. Now refresh the .bib file in your Overleaf project that is linked to Mendeley.
4. Recompile your LaTex document.

For future readers with this issue using Overleaf, you may try clicking the New File icon in the upper left-hand corner of your project, then click "From Mendeley." If it says that it's unable to refresh from the account, follow the link in the prompt and scroll down in order to unlink and re-link your Mendeley account. Then try refreshing your bibTex file.

I had to do this after changing my Mendeley password, and my existing references were not affected.

Even if you don't see the refresh error when adding a new file, re-linking your Mendeley may resolve this problem.