Physics Asked on June 24, 2021
For a Gravitation Field Action Integral looks like:
begin{equation}label{1}
S_{gravity} = frac{c^3}{16pi G}int Rsqrt{-g} d^4x.
end{equation}
А Least Action Principle says the $delta S_{gravity} + delta S_{matter} = 0$.
But we know the $delta S_{gravity}$ itself is zero:
begin{equation}
delta S_{gravity} = frac{c^3}{16pi G} int G_{munu} sqrt{-g} delta g^{munu}d^4x = frac{c^3}{16pi G} int sqrt{-g} dx^4 G_{munu}^{,, ;nu}xi^{mu} = 0.
end{equation}
Where $G_{munu}$ — Einstein tensor, $xi^{mu}$ — Killing vector.
Also, for matter
begin{equation}label{2}
delta S_{matter} = int T_{munu}sqrt{-g} delta g^{munu}d^4x = int sqrt{-g}T^{munu}_{,, ;nu}xi_{mu}d^4x = 0.
end{equation}
So, the equation $delta S_{gravity} + delta S_{matter} = 0$ looks like summation of zeroth $0 + 0 =0$ in contrast, for example, with Maxwell’s theory where $delta S_{EMF} + delta S_{matter} = 0$ each therm are non zero.
So, why so for gravity?
I really thought that only the sum of two $delta S $ is zero, but not by themselves.
It seems that OP is only considering infinitesimal gauge transformations $$delta g_{munu}~=~nabla_{{mu}xi_{nu}}.$$
The stationary action principle for $S_{rm gravity}+S_{rm matter}$ holds for arbitrary infinitesimal variations $delta g_{munu}$ (that satisfy appropriate boundary conditions).
In the latter case, $delta S_{rm gravity}$ is only zero in vacuum without matter.
Correct answer by Qmechanic on June 24, 2021
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