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Interaction Picture Propagator

Physics Asked by Anagh Venneti on June 28, 2021

From Page.81 of Peskin and Schroeder

… we note that $U(t,t_0)$ is the unique solution, with initial condition $U(t_0,t_0) = 1$, of
a simple differential equation(the Schrodinger equation):

$ i frac{partial}{partial t} U(t,t_0) = e^{iH_0(t-t_0)}(H-H_0)e^{-iH(t-t_0)}….$

How did the textbook arrive at this?

I have used the Heisenberg equation of motion:

$i frac{partial}{partial t} mathscr{O} = [mathscr{O},mathscr{H}]$

and arrived at the following point and am stuck:

$i frac{partial}{partial t} U(t,t_0) = [e^{iH_0(t-t_0)},H].e^{-iH(t-t_0)}$

One Answer

Beforehand the author defined the unitary operator $$ U(t,t_0) = text{e}^{iH_0(t-t_0)}text{e}^{-iH(t-t_0)} $$ Hence we arrive at $$ ifrac{partial}{partial t}U(t,t_0) = text{e}^{iH_0(t-t_0)}(H - H_0)text{e}^{-iH(t-t_0)} $$ by differentiation of $U(t, t_0)$ using the product and the chain rule. Actually the author "derives" the Schrödinger equation for the operator $U(t,t_0)$.

Correct answer by AlmostClueless on June 28, 2021

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