Physics Asked on August 2, 2021
I am trying to find a quantum field theory (a Yang-Mills theory) for the identical particles exchange interaction. For a system of $N$ identical particles one has the state $|x_1,x_2,ldots,x_Nrangle$ that is invariant under permutations of states. The permutation operator $P$ is a discrete, not a continuous symmetry group. But is there a way turning the permutation operator $P$ into a continuous operator?
In a quantum field theory I have continuum states, i.e. the $psi(x)$ (for fermions) function. Due to this fact I cannot define a proper permutation operator. However if I compute the $N$-point function (with $M$ ingoing and $N-M$ outgoing states)
$$langlepsi_1 psi_2 ldots psi^dagger_{N-1}psi^dagger_Nrangle:=int ~mathrm d[psi]int ~mathrm d[psi^dagger]e^{iS}(psi_1 psi_2 … psi^dagger_{N-1}psi^dagger_N)$$
I could impose permutation symmetry in the functions $psi_1,…psi^dagger_N$. If $N mapsto infty$ then I can define a function $P(x)$ (a local symmetry group) that fixes permuation symmetry on every point of spacetime.
How I can define a generalized permutation operator in continuum field?
Edit: I am trying to assume some additional symmetries in the quantum field vacuum, i.e. two fields of equal wave structure but on different spacetime points.
Permutations in infinite dimensions are diffeomorphisms (assuming that you are considering only smooth configurations). An invariant theory under permutations, thus goes to a diffeomorphism invariant theory in the infinite dimension limit (such as gravity). If you want to include fermions, then the appropriate limit would be a diffeomorphism invariant theory over supermanifolds.
Answered by David Bar Moshe on August 2, 2021
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