Physics Asked on April 29, 2021
On page 191 of Peskin & Schroeder, they show that after using Feynman parameters $x, y, z$, the denominator of the integrand of the vertex function is:
$$D = k^2 + 2k(yq – zp) + yq^2 + zp^2 – (x+y)m^2 + iepsilon,$$
where $p$ is the incoming fermion momentum, $k$ its momentum after it emits a photon, $k’$ after it interacts with the external field with momentum $q = k’-k$.
My question is how to simplify this expression after setting $ell := k +yq – zp$ to obtain:
$$D = ell^2 + xyq^2 – (1-z)^2m^2 + iepsilon.$$
I got stuck trying:
$$begin{aligned}D – ell^2 &= q^2(y-y^2) + p^2(z-z^2) + 2yzqp – (x+y)m^2
&=q^2y(1-y)+p^2z(1-z)+2yzqp – (1-z)m^2
&=q^2y(x+z)+p^2z(y+x) + 2yzqp – (1-z)m^2
&=xyq^2 + yz(q^2+p^2 + 2qp) +p^2zx – (1-z)m^2
&=xyq^2 + yz(q+p)^2 +p^2zx – (1-z)m^2.end{aligned}$$
Is it possible to cancel the two middle terms in the last line and obtain a square on the $(1-z)$?
As $q+p = p’$, the momentum of the outgoing fermion, with the same mass as the incoming one $m^2 = p^2$, from my last line:
$$begin{aligned}D - ell^2 &= xyq^2 + yzm^2 + m^2zx - (1-z)m^2 &= xyq^2 + z(x+y)m^2 - (1-z)m^2 &= xyq^2 + z(1-z)m^2 - (1-z)m^2 &= xyq^2 - (1-z)(1-z)m^2. end{aligned}$$
Correct answer by Rodrigo on April 29, 2021
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