A theoretical question about matter/antimatter and capacitors

Yes. The voltage across the resistor will be the same whether the right half of the circuit is constructed from matter or anti-matter.

During the parts of the period of the sine wave when the upper terminal of the supply is at a positive potential relative to the lower terminal (as indicated in the diagram) then conventional current will flow clockwise in the circuit meaning that

• electrons will flow from the left terminal of the upper capacitor into the upper terminal of the voltage supply and
• electrons will flow from the lower terminal of the supply through the resistor into the left terminal of the lower capacitor.
• anti-electrons (positive charge) will flow from the right terminal of the upper capacitor into the right terminal of the lower capacitor.

So we would see both electrons and anti-electrons flowing out of the upper capacitor (with a net-conventional current rightwards) and we would see both electrons and anti-electrons flowing into the lower capacitor (with a net-conventional current leftwards).

All that matters for the resistor voltage is the current running through it and that would be same with matter or anti-matter. The two capacitor terminals interact through the electric field within the capacitor and matter and anti-matter charges produce electric fields the same way.