Mathematica Asked by ThunderBiggi on January 26, 2021
In Mathematica’s documentation, the Spherical Harmonics are said to be defined as follows, for $l geq 0$:
Furthermore, we know that $cos(x)=cos(-x)$, hence one can be led to believe that $Y_l^m(-theta,phi)=Y_l^m(theta,phi)$.
A quick check with mathematica shows us that might not be the case
Table[Table[{SphericalHarmonicY[l, m, -([Pi]/2), 0],
SphericalHarmonicY[l, m, [Pi]/2, 0]}, {m, -l, l}], {l, 0, 2}]
as the $l=1=m$ values differ.
Am I doing something wrong? Does the value of $theta$ need to be in the canonical range $[0,pi]$. If so, how do I relate $-frac{pi}{2}$ to something in that range. The formulae I know allow me to relate it to $frac{3pi}{2}$, which is still outside the range.
The definition with Cos[phi]
is a bit misleading. Consider e.g.
SphericalHarmonicY [1,1,phi,theta] == ... LegendreP[1,1,Cos[phi]] ..
Now the associated Legendre Polynomial LegendreP[1,1,x]
is defined by:
LegendreP[1, 1, x] == -Sqrt[1 - x^2]
and
LegendreP[1,1,Cos[phi]] == -Sqrt[1 - Cos[phi]^2] == -Sqrt[Sin[phi]^2] == -Sin[phi]
Therefore, we get for the full blown function:
Answered by Daniel Huber on January 26, 2021
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