Labeling grid automatically using QGIS

Question

I have a polygon layer with a number as label. Now I want that my labeling is always in the left upper corner of the single polygon, like in the screenshot.The red rectangle is the position, where the label should be placed

If I zoom in the should be visible and placed like in the second screenshot.

If such a labeling is possible, how can I create that?
I tried the labeling tab of the gui, but it doesn´t work pretty well
With my settings the labels of other polygons where placed in their visible neighbours

Michel Stuyts · Accepted Answer

To get that result in QGIS 3.14:

Check the 'Geometry generator' option inside the labels options and add make_point(x_min( $geometry), y_max( $geometry)) in the expression box
Select 'Offset from point' placement
Select the bottom right Placement Quadrant
Adjust the 'Offset X,Y' settings to move the label a little away from the corner if necessary

An alternative method for older QGIS versions:

Duplicate your layer (we'll use one layer for the grid and another for the labels)
Select 'Single Symbol' styling
Select 'Geometry Generator' as 'Symbol layer type'
Select 'Point/Multipoint' as 'Geometry type'
Add make_point(x_min( $geometry), y_max( $geometry)) in the expression box
Change the  'Symbol layer type' under 'Geometry Generator' from 'Simple marker' to 'Font marker'.
Set the 'Anchor point' to 'top left'
Click on the 'Data defined overide' button next to the 'Character' box and select 'Edit'.
In the window that pops up type in the field name (between double quotes) you want to use to label.
Click OK
Adjust the 'Offset X,Y' settings to move the label a little away from the corner if necessary

Ian Turton · Answer

To completely answer the question we need to extend the answer of Michel by adding a label to any grid squares cut off by the top and left hand edges of the canvas. This can be done by updating the geometry expression to:
make_point(x_min(intersection(@map_extent, $geometry)), y_max( intersection(@map_extent, $geometry)))

Labeling grid automatically using QGIS

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