Convert geometry to feature with QGIS expressions

With QGIS expressions, if I have a feature, I can get the corresponding geometry with geometry (feature). How is it possible the other way round: if I have a geometry to get the feature (or feature id) of this geometry? Unfortunately, an expression like feature (geometry) does not exist. This could be useful to access attributes of this geometry.

If a feature consists of three parts: 1) feature-id, 2) attributes and 3) geometry, than you have expressions to get the corresponding feature for the first two of these three inputs: 1) get_feature_by_id(layer,feature_id)
, 2) get_feature(layer,attribute,value). There is missing something like get_feature_by_geometry (geometry).

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Just to illustrate a use case (the question is not about this example: it should just help to understand what this could be used for). I have a point- and a line layer, both in red on the screenshot. To each point, I want to assign the id (or any other attribute) of the nearest line.

I can easily get the geometry of the nearest line: the black dotted copy of the original red line, created with geometry generator on the point layer: array_first ( overlay_nearest ( 'line', $geometry ) ). To access the attributes of the line, there is the function attribute ( feature , attribute_name ) . But I first should be able to get the feature-id of the geometry to be able to paste it as first arguement.

QGIS does not accept to input a geometry for the feature part of the expression, I get an Evaluation error: Cannot convert to feature.

attribute(get_feature_by_id('line',array_first(overlay_nearest('line',$id))),'fieldname')

attribute(array_first(overlay_nearest('line',$currentfeature)),'fieldname')