Do I include "that" or leave it out when used adjacent to "whatever, whereever, etc." such as in the following example?

Question

"Advantages of whatever THAT happens always outweigh the costs"
Grammarly underlines THAT as red to leave it out. I know that when I say "whatever happens, I will be there for you" there is no need for "that. But when I use it after "of" I feel like a "that" is called for.
If you agree or not could you please ascertain why or when one uses "that" with "whatever, whenever,etc" if ever..
Thank you

Mamta Kumari · Answer

When the word 'that' is used to pin-point a particular noun it is a demonstrative word but using the word 'whatever' has a connotation of a unspecified or unpredictable situation. Perhaps, 'that' and 'whatever' are two word of opposite connotation to it so they can't be used together in the sentence.
Whereas when you try to describe your feelings  you would want it to be accurate so you go for a demonstrative word like 'that'  which is correct.

Greybeard · Answer

In "The advantages of whatever THAT happens always outweigh the costs" whatever is the subject of the noun clause "whatever happens", and "happens" is the verb.
Why would you separate the subject from its verb with "that"?
"Who saw the film "Slumdog Millionaire"?" Correct.
*"Who that saw the film "Slumdog Millionaire"?" Wrong.
That introduces
(i) a relative clause "The man that gave it to me was quite tall." (Here that is required) or
(ii) a content clause "I said that I was hungry." (Here that is optional.)

Do I include "that" or leave it out when used adjacent to "whatever, whereever, etc." such as in the following example?

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