How to add friction to a rope without using abrasion

Question

I have a pay-out winch. It is a spool of rope that has a disk brake attached to it, so I can control the torque required to rotate the spool.  When the torque is very large, however, the rope begins to bury itself into the rope that is still on the spool, and this causes a lot of abrasion and wear on the rope. I tried a different winding pattern, but the rope still cuts into it.
I'm using 1 mile of 400 lb test kevlar. The spool diameter is 4 inches.
Does anyone have a suggestion?  I was wondering if I can thread the rope through a mechanism as it leaves the spool to add friction (pink box in the picture). Are there any off-the-shelf solutions? For example the rope could go back and forth between two rows of pulleys, each of which has a little friction.  The point is to avoid wearing out the rope with a lot of heat or abrasion.
Can you suggest a way to prevent the rope from burying itself?  I guess I could make the spool larger and wider (decrease the depth of the rope still on the spool).

Transistor · Accepted Answer

You need to separate the braking from the winding / unwinding. Have a look at a ship's capstan. You want a miniature version with very high friction between it and your rope so there is no sliding and no heating. You then control payout using a brake mechanism on the capstan.

Figure 1. A cable-pulling winch. Image source: Egerton.

Figure 1. A cable-pulling winch. Image source: Egerton.

fred_dot_u · Answer

I've loaded a winch with Spectra line, not quite as abrasive as Kevlar, but similar in strength and size. The key factor in such problems is to load the spool while the line is under tension. I used a heavy wheeled tractor as the load. As the winch turned the spool, the tractor was pulled across an even surface with brakes applied as required. The amount of line was similar to your circumstances, about a mile, but the easement of a state highway provided enough free distance to accomplish the task.
Once loaded, the volume of line was greatly reduced and was effectively a solid un-moving mass. The intended use of the winch ensured that it would always load under tension in the future, preventing the need for duplication of effort later.

How to add friction to a rope without using abrasion

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