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Cross Validated : Recent Questions and Answers (Page 46)

Find answers to your questions about Cross Validated or help others by answering their Cross Validated questions.

Question about fixed effects, and state-by -time fixed effects

I have seen papers at the US level where they include county fixed effects, and state-by-year fixed effects, i.e.: $y_{c,t}$ = $beta$$x_{c,t}$ + $lambda_c$ + $mu_{s,t}$...

Asked on 11/02/2021

1 answer

Are the differences between sampling clusters and sampling strata, conceptual, methodological, neither or both?

I am fuzzy on the distinctions between sampling strata and sampling clusters. Both seem to aim at designs aiming at creating useful estimates of between/within group (strata, cluster) variation, and...

Asked on 11/02/2021

5 answer

confidence intervals for the Poisson process ($lambda$) sampled with uncertainty

Say, I have a Poisson process which was measured $N$ times, and each measurement produced $k_i$ value.Also, $k_i$ are events that I have to detect and...

Asked on 11/02/2021 by Gideon Kogan

1 answer

Non-parametric (smoothed) estimate of current rate

I am looking at time-series event data and need to visualize how the arrival rate $lambda$ changes over time. I do not want to assume any underlying distribution that...

Asked on 11/02/2021 by eithompson

1 answer

What's the MSE of $hat{Y}$ in ordinary least squares using bias-variance decomposition?

Suppose I have the following model: $$Y = mu + epsilon = Xbeta + epsilon,$$ where $Y$ is $n times 1$, $X$ is $n times...

Asked on 11/02/2021

1 answer

Conditional Inference Forest Variable Importance

This is a cross post of a question i posted several months ago here on a different forum. I am trying to understand how variable importance is...

Asked on 11/02/2021

0 answer

How is pairwise PERMANOVA/adonis a valid non-parametric approach for pairwise comparisons

Assume that we have taken independent random samples of several individuals from 5 locations that represent 5 populations. The design is fairly unbalanced: the number of individuals sampled from each...

Asked on 11/02/2021

1 answer

Can someone please explain how to read the unconfoundedness assumption. I'm unable to understand the symbols specifically the upside down "T"

Can someone please explain how to read the unconfoundedness assumption. I'm unable to understand the symbols specifically the upside down "T"....

Asked on 11/02/2021 by Parth Wadhawan

1 answer

Using cross-entropy for regression problems

I usually see a discussion of the following loss functions in the context of the following types of problems:Cross entropy loss (KL divergence) for classification problemsMSE for regression problemsHowever, my...

Asked on 11/02/2021

2 answer

What does it mean if magnitude of the variance of each measurement is allowed to be a function of its predicted value?

To better understand Logistic Regression and why it is called regression still, I was reading about Generalized Linear Models on Wikipedia, and I came across the below statement:"The GLM...

Asked on 11/02/2021 by Kurtis Pykes

1 answer

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