How should a child first learn to draw?

I have no interest in art and was surprised when my eldest became fascinated by drawing at the age of 10. She figured out how to teach herself. These are the steps she took:

1. Borrows books from the library on how to draw Anime characters. Everything is broken down step by step. The figures are simple. Does this for a year.
2. Uses birthday money to buy a book on how to draw dragons. Works through the examples over the following year.
3. Learns perspective drawing at school. Continues to practice on her own.
4. Mom springs for summer art classes. Kid learns to mix colours and draw from life.
5. At 15, sets goal of drawing every day. More practice.
6. Mom springs for more art lessons, including human models (minor ethical crisis at nude models. Nothing bad happens).
7. Kid uses birthday money to buy books full of photos - like plants or motorcycles. Practices drawing things.
8. High school offers art courses; kid attends. Learns various media.
9. Kid currently 23 year old software engineer. Draws whatever she wants from life or from her imagination.

So it took over 10 years of frequent practice. She started with how-to books; progressed to copying from photos; then just started drawing what she saw. She got a small amount of paid instruction, and several courses through the school system. It just takes a tremendous amount of patience and attention to detail. If the kid doesn't want it, it's not going to happen.

1. Start Drawing Early. Research has shown that even infants can recognize shapes used to make up a drawing.
2. Teach the Shapes. (all drawings are made up of shapes, for example, a house's roof is a triangle, the body is a rectangle)
3. Encourage Creativity. (Give them ideas!)
4. Draw with Your Child. (You can see how they learn)
5. Demonstrate Technique.

That's it! But as Elmy said, if your child doesn't want to draw, it would be very difficult to teach them.

You don't specify an age, so here's an example.

I've got a 7-year-old who has always liked drawing (and currently wants to be an artist when she grows up!). She likes books, reads loads, appreciates the detail in the illustrations, but hasn't got on with drawing from books. Here's what has worked:

• Video tutorials of something the child likes (age-appropriate complexity). In my daughter's case that's cartoon animals, especially Rob Biddulph's YouTube channel. He's a children's author/illustrator who has put loads online in the last year. I can see her skill increase from the first time she did them in summer to now.

• Draw together. I'm pretty rubbish but can have a bash at something from a book tutorial while she's drawing something else, or follow along with the cartoon animals, and customise them into characters, making up the details as we go along.

• Thinking (together, but she does the drawing) of ways to represent things on paper - drawing a map, or illustrating a process. This is a nice complement to copying a tutorial or trying to draw what she sees as closely as possible.

At this young age it's still about the basics for most kids - fun and practice.

The biggest problem in this question is the age of the child.

If we're talking pre-teen, then I see no chance that the child will spend regular time practicing pen strokes or how to draw straight lines, because that simply isn't fun.

Children want to have fun. Coloring books are fun because you can achieve a pretty result without putting too much effort in it. Drawing mom as a stick figure an declaring that "it looks like mom" is fun because it's quick and sufficient to express what the child intended. Indeed, this art of reducing the real-world information to the minimum required to recognize the object can still be helpful as an adult if you happen to design graphical user interfaces for computer or phone apps.

What you need most is listening to what the child wants. Do they want stick-figure-mom to look more realistic? Or do they just want to express their phantasy by creating colorful blobs on paper? Are they interested in drawing comics or mangas? Or do they want to create cool tribal style tatoos? The only thing they will practice voluntarily are the things they truely want.

Since all of the above examples require very different techniques, there is no one book or one art class we can suggest. But there are many different books and online sources that cater to teens and young adults and teach them how to (better) execute one single art style. One of the all-time classics is figure drawing where you start drawing a cat by linking a few circles together, and in each chapter the circles get more and more pronounced until you only need them as guidelines for the finished cat. The same is true for comic and manga drawing books where you're shown how to simplify the human body by linking circles and rectangles.

My suggestion is to observe what kind of art the child is creating now and asking them what they love drawing the most. Then translate that to adult terms like "figure drawing", "landscape drawing", "still lifes", "comic art", "water color" or whatnot and go looking for one very short beginner tutorial (either as book or online; I personally prefer books because you can easily find them again and reread a chapter if you forgot. Printing an online tutorial is a cheap alternative). Give it to your child and let them explore without any pressure. They might forget about it for a year and then suddenly be in the mood again.

Don't give them more than 2 books at once, it might feel overwhelming. Don't go for the thickest book available, those are usually intended for older and more advanced students. Don't be discouraged if your child finds a particular book unhelpful, they might not have the required skill yet, but will probably return to it once they acquired the skill level. If your child tells you that a certain book doesn't help them at all, listen to them and ask them what they expected / want to read about, then go looking for a different book that covers those topics. Even if you have no idea about drawing at all, you probably are able to recognize those topics if you see them in a book.

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To the question of copying:

Copying reference images is the first step for almost all professional artists, because it's the best way to produce encouraging results and learn the required technique.

Portrait artists spend countless hours copying photos of peoples faces. Landscape artists spend countless hours copying landscape photos. Comic artists spend countless hours copying photos of people in different poses. It's the best way to learn.

Granted, the step away from reference photos to your own imagination is a hard one, but forcing a child to take this step even before they learned things like shading or body proportions (by copying photos) is extremely discouraging.

And by the way: The full title of the article you linked is

"Copy?...Real Artists Don't Copy!" but Maybe Children Should.

The article talks about how children are discouraged from copying artwork from their peers and teachers in an attempt to encourage originality. But how is a child supposed to create "beautiful" original art if they were never allowed to learn the technique by copying existing beautiful art? If a child can only compare their own stick-figure cat with a real cat, their judgement of their own skills will be devastating. If they can compare their drawing with a stick-figure cat of another child, they will see their own skills in a much better and realistic way.

The best way to teach them is to give them exposure to materials and drawing tools and let them express themselves freely. As they grow and mature, their drawings will become more detailed and reflect the world around them. It really depends on their age... I would recommend you to start teaching them in a slow way, start with simple exercises like: In the journal's first line, they can draw circles, then in the second line, dashes then lines zigzagging, etc Then you can put them to copy things around them like apples, shoes, trees, and stuff, its a matter of practice.